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　　Aluminum alloy is the most widely used non-ferrous metal material, with excellent physical and mechanical properties.

　　The aluminum alloys commonly used in welding production are mainly profiles and plates (the term "plates" is provided by the industry encyclopedia). The strengthening methods of aluminum alloys include deformation strengthening and heat treatment strengthening, or both. Most of the strengthened aluminum alloy materials are suitable for welding processes. Compared with steel materials, aluminum alloy materials have the characteristics of light weight (only one-third of steel), fast thermal conductivity (five times that of steel), high coefficient of linear expansion (provided by industry encyclopedias) (twice that of steel), severe thermal deformation, and easy surface oxidation. These physical and chemical properties of aluminum alloys determine the welding characteristics of aluminum alloys. Due to the extremely fast oxidation rate of aluminum and aluminum alloys, the aluminum alloys we see are all covered by oxide films. The existence of this oxide film prevents the internal oxidation of aluminum alloys, so aluminum alloy products can exist stably for a long time and be used.

　　According to the composition of the alloy series, commonly used aluminum alloys for welding can be divided into three series: pure aluminum, aluminum silicon, and aluminum magnesium. These three series have a large production and application volume of aluminum alloys, stable production quality and complete specifications of base materials and welding wires. The production standards of domestic products and welding standards are basically in line with international general standards, and the welding process is relatively mature. The welding expert system built into internationally recognized welding equipment and materials can cover more than 80% of the total amount of aluminum alloys used. In addition to the three major series, there are many series of aluminum alloy materials such as aluminum manganese, aluminum copper, aluminum zinc magnesium copper, and aluminum lithium, which are used in many special industries such as military and aerospace. Compared with the three major series, the usage of these aluminum alloy series is relatively small.

　　Industrial pure aluminum, namely the 1XXX series of AWS standards and GB/T3190-1996 standards. There is no pure aluminum in the world. When the alloy composition in aluminum alloy materials is below a certain threshold, it is called pure aluminum. Industrial pure aluminum is mainly used in electrical materials or daily necessities, and is widely used in the power transmission and transformation industry, as well as the electrolytic aluminum industry. Industrial pure aluminum has low strength, but good ductility, conductivity, and corrosion resistance. 1050, 1070 and other pure aluminum have good weldability, with bright and beautiful welding joints and a strength of over 90% of the base material.

　　Aluminum silicon series aluminum alloys, namely AWS standard 4XXX and 6XXX series; The 4XXX and 6XXX series of GB/T3190-1996 standards often contain a certain amount of magnesium added to aluminum silicon alloys to refine grain size and improve strength. Therefore, the category containing magnesium can also be classified as aluminum silicon magnesium series. However, from a welding perspective, the process characteristics of the 4 series and 6 series are similar, and the same welding materials and equipment can be used to build a digital welding expert system. Commonly used grades include 4043, 4047, 6061, etc. These aluminum alloys have good weldability, good fluidity of liquid metal, and beautiful weld formation. Aluminum products, civilian vehicles, containers, and other products extensively use this type of aluminum alloy welding.

　　The aluminum magnesium series aluminum alloy, also known as the 5XXX series according to AWS standards and GB/T3190-1996 standards, is also known as rust proof aluminum.

　　Aluminum magnesium alloy has excellent comprehensive performance and is also the most widely produced and used type of aluminum alloy material. It has good strength, ductility, corrosion resistance, and weldability. The content and function of magnesium in the 5 series aluminum alloy are crucial. The welding characteristics of grades with lower magnesium welding amount and grades with higher magnesium content are very different, and attention should be paid to them during actual welding. Aluminum magnesium alloy is a major aluminum alloy material used in many important industrial structural components, load-bearing boxes, building trusses (the term "truss" is provided by the Industry Encyclopedia), and military and civilian vehicles. Commonly used grades include 5056, 5556, 5083, etc. The welding process of aluminum magnesium alloy is relatively mature, and the types of welding materials are complete. Digital welding equipment produced in various countries around the world is equipped with aluminum magnesium alloy welding expert systems.